Torabi, who is also a member of the Scientific Committee of MS, added that between 21,000 and 23,000 patients are afflicted with MS in Tehran

There is no precise figure about the prevalence rate of the disease, but it is estimated that about 53 out of every 100,000 people suffer from MS,he said, adding that the figure increases to 100 individuals per 100,000 in Isfahan

Torabi noted that there is no need for concern because 20 medicines have been produced globally to control the disease’s progress

There is no cure for MS yet, hence the focus is on prevention and control, he said, adding that the medicines currently available in the world can reportedly control the disease by 90 percent. However, the duration of treatment depends on intensity, condition and biological structure of the disease

The official also said MS patients used injections until a few years ago, but at present new generations of oral medicines are available

Oral medicines are more effective for some patients, he said, adding that the regular use of injections could harm patients emotionally

Torabi pointed to family history, non-standard vaccination, eating disorder, lack of vitamin D, stress and climatic condition as factors contributing to MS

Air pollution and warm weather condition could also increase the risk of the disease, he said, adding that the disease is more common among individuals between the ages of 20-40

Torabi urged youths to have healthy eating habits and do regular exercises to lower the risk of MS

Shokoufeh Alaei, scientific secretary of the congress, said poor vision and eye pain are the most common signs of the disease . Chronic fatigue, feeling sleepy most of the time, tingling and difficulty with movement, and inability to control urine are other common signs, she said

Alaei also said patients usually face financial problems due to the high cost associated with nursing services and medicines. Although covered by insurance, the medicines are expensive for many patients, she said, adding that each injection costs about $200 for patients with insurance coverage

“Some patients need to take one injection per month”

Noting that stress alone cannot give rise to MS, Alaei explained that the main reason behind the disease is still unknown but those with a family history of the disease should reduce their stress level

Stress, in combination with genetic factors, could result in the disease, she said

Iran will host the 11th International Congress on MS during October 23-24, which will be held in Tehran with the participation of 400 experts, including specialists from the US, Sweden, Germany and Italy

About 150 articles on the latest achievements in MS treatment will be presented at the event